Herb 'Cilantro / Coriander'

Coriandrum sativum — Santo Coriander (Cilantro)
Santo is a slow-bolting variety of coriander grown for both its fragrant leaves (cilantro) and aromatic seeds (coriander). The lush green foliage offers fresh flavour for salsas, salads, and curries, while mature seeds are dried and used as a warm, citrusy spice. Thriving in full sun and well-drained soil, Santo grows quickly and can be sown in succession for a continual harvest. Its airy umbels attract pollinators and beneficial insects, adding both culinary and ecological value to the garden.

DETAILS:

QTY: 100

SITE: Sun/Part Shade

TYPE: Annual

DEPTH: 1/4 - 1/2"

GERMINATION: 7-10 Days at 18-21°C

MATURITY: 50-55 to leaf harvest; 90-105 to seed

HEIGHT: 12-18"

SPACING: 6-8"

HOW TO GROW:

Planting:

• When to Plant: Sow cilantro seeds directly in your garden in early spring, as soon as the soil can be worked. Cilantro has a long taproot and does not transplant well, so direct seeding is highly recommended. For a continuous harvest, plant new seeds every 2-3 weeks. In warmer climates, planting in the fall is often more successful, as the plants will have a longer period of cool weather before they bolt.

• Where to Plant: Choose a location that receives full sun to partial afternoon shade. In hot climates, providing afternoon shade is crucial to prevent the plant from bolting prematurely. Cilantro can also be grown in containers that are at least 12 inches deep to accommodate its taproot.

• Sowing Seeds: Plant seeds about 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep. You can plant them 1-2 inches apart and then thin the seedlings to 6-8 inches apart once they are a few inches tall. The seeds are round and are often sold as a single "husk" containing two seeds; gently crushing the husk can improve germination.

Soil & Fertilizing:

• Soil Preference: Cilantro prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0). Amend the soil with compost or other organic matter to improve its structure and nutrient content. Avoid heavy, waterlogged soils.

• Fertilizing: Cilantro is not a heavy feeder. If the soil has been amended with compost, it may not need any additional fertilizer. If you do fertilize, a light application of a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer can be applied once or twice during the growing season. Over-fertilizing, especially with too much nitrogen, can cause the plant to produce lush foliage but with a less intense flavor.

Watering:

• Keep the soil consistently moist, but not soggy. A thorough watering once or twice a week is usually sufficient, depending on your climate. Inconsistent watering or allowing the soil to dry out too much can stress the plant and cause it to bolt.

Pests & Diseases:

• Cilantro is generally a resilient plant. Common pests include aphids and spider mites, which can be managed with a strong spray of water or an application of insecticidal soap.

• Black swallowtail butterfly caterpillars will also feed on cilantro leaves. Many gardeners choose to leave these beneficial pollinators to grow.

• Fungal diseases can occur in overly humid or wet conditions. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overwatering to prevent issues like powdery mildew.

Harvesting:

• For Cilantro (Leaves): Begin harvesting leaves once the plant is 6-8 inches tall. To encourage more growth and delay bolting, harvest the outer leaves first, cutting them at the base of the stem. Avoid harvesting more than one-third of the plant at a time. The leaves have the best flavor before the plant begins to flower.

• For Coriander (Seeds): If you want to harvest seeds, allow the plant to flower. The small, white flowers are also edible. Once the flowers fade, the seeds will form. Wait until the seeds turn brown and dry on the plant. Cut the entire stalk and place it in a paper bag. The seeds will fall into the bag as they continue to dry. Store the dried seeds in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.

Tips for Success:

• Bolting Prevention: The biggest challenge with cilantro is its tendency to bolt in warm weather. To prolong your harvest, plant in a cool, partially shaded location and ensure consistent watering. Pinching off any flower stalks as they appear can also help extend the leaf harvest.

• Succession Planting: This is the best way to ensure a steady supply of fresh cilantro throughout the season. Plant new seeds every 2-3 weeks.

• Companion Planting: Cilantro is a good companion for many vegetables, as its flowers attract beneficial insects like hoverflies that prey on pests like aphids.